Why China became dominant in rare earthsHow China dominates the supply chain
Mineral intelligence that becomes a reference.
Reports, analyses, charts, and tools for understanding what turns geological potential into projects and industry.
BTR Library
16 publications
Why China became dominant in rare earthsHow China dominates the supply chain
China's leadership combines separation, refining, metals, alloys, magnets, equipment, expertise, and buyers at industrial scale.
Brazil and rare earths: from geology to the industrial chainBrazil: from geology to industry
Brazil combines geological diversity, data, and energy, but must advance in processing and technology to create industrial value.
Anomaly, occurrence, target, resource, and reserve: what changesFrom anomaly to reserve
A practical guide to mineral-exploration maturity and the evidence needed to avoid confusing a preliminary indication with a proven asset.
How to evaluate a rare-earth project beyond gradeHow to evaluate a project
Grade, TREO, mineralogy, recovery, basket value, and payability must be analyzed together when evaluating a project.
What rare earths are and why they matterRare earths: what they are
A direct guide to the 17 elements, their properties, applications, and why separation matters as much as geological occurrence.
From mine to magnet: how the rare-earth value chain worksFrom mine to magnet
The stages that take a geological deposit to separated oxides, metals, alloys, magnets, and technology components.
Light and heavy rare earths: what is the difference?Light and heavy rare earths
An explanation of the informal classification, geochemical behavior, and why composition matters more than an aggregate total.
Permanent magnets in electric motors and wind turbinesMagnets for motors
How neodymium-iron-boron magnets deliver power density and why different projects choose different architectures.
Rare earths in electronics, optics, and healthcareRare earths in technology
An application map beyond magnets: catalysts, luminescent materials, lasers, sensors, and specialized equipment.
Separation and refining: the technical core of rare earthsSeparation and refining
Why such similar elements require long routes, strict chemical control, and an integrated view of products and waste.
Rare earths in Brazil: potential, production, and challengesRare earths in Brazil
How to interpret Brazilian reserves, the start of new operations, and the distance between geological potential and a complete industrial chain.
Ionic clays and rare earths in BrazilIonic clays in Brazil
How weathering can concentrate elements in soil profiles and why every occurrence needs its own mineralogical and environmental characterization.
Mineral exploration: from remote sensing to fieldworkMineral exploration in the field
How regional data, geological hypotheses, sampling, and laboratory work connect without confusing favorability with a resource or reserve.
Rare earths and environmental impacts: what must be managedEnvironmental impacts
A full-cycle view of water, energy, reagents, tailings, emissions, and environmental rehabilitation.
Magnet recycling and the rare-earth circular economyMagnet recycling
Recovery pathways, current collection limits, and recycling's role as a complement to primary production.
The global rare-earth chain and supply securitySupply security
Why concentration in separation and magnets matters more than geological distribution and how diversification can be built.
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